China has successfully developed its first high-energy direct-geometry inelastic neutron-scattering time-of-flight spectrometer, marking a significant advancement in the ability to examine the structural and dynamic properties of materials at the microscopic level. This announcement was made by its developer, Sun Yat-sen University, on November 16.

The spectrometer can be likened to a supercharged camera, offering exceptional capabilities beyond conventional scientific instruments. It can capture the static structure of materials and monitor atomic and molecular movements at an astonishing picosecond scale, equivalent to one trillionth of a second, as noted by the university in Guangdong Province.

One of the key strengths of this spectrometer is its utilization of neutrons, which are electrically neutral and possess significant penetrating power. This feature allows the instrument to detect microscopic motions directly, especially when neutrons engage in inelastic collisions with atomic nuclei, leading to observable changes in their speed and direction that provide insights into internal material dynamics.

The spectrometer holds promise for providing critical insights into microstructural dynamics across several advanced scientific fields, including high-temperature superconductivity, quantum magnetism, and ion diffusion. It aims to support researchers across various disciplines, such as physics, chemistry, and biology.

The journey of developing this cutting-edge instrument began in 2017, when Sun Yat-sen University and the Institute of High Energy Physics signed a cooperation agreement to construct the facility at the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). Following rigorous development and testing, the project culminated in its official acceptance review this month.

Upon its inauguration, the project transitioned into an accelerated phase of commissioning, during which the team achieved a significant reduction in background noise. This achievement resulted in all performance indicators meeting world-leading standards.

This breakthrough serves not only to elevate China's capabilities in high-energy neutron scattering but also exemplifies the collaborative efforts and technical expertise of the SYSU research team in contributing to the national scientific infrastructure.

As a result, this advanced spectrometer is expected to enhance the understanding of material properties at a microscopic level, which could lead to groundbreaking discoveries in various scientific fields.

(Cover: A microscopic atomic model. /VCG)